Gross Margin

Revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. How much profit is left after direct production costs.

Gross Margin — Revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. How much profit is left after direct production costs.

Key facts

Category
Profitability
Definition
Revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. How much profit is left after direct production costs.
Formula
Gross Margin = (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue × 100
Live example
/research/stock/MSFT
Last updated
2026-06-17

Formula

Gross Margin = (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue × 100

Worked example

Software firm: $1B revenue, $100M COGS = 90% gross margin. Walmart: $600B revenue, $450B COGS = 25% gross margin.

Interpretive bands

< 20%
Commodity / low-margin retail. Very thin pricing power.
20 – 50%
Industrials, mid-tier retail, services.
50 – 80%
Strong pricing power. Brand-rich consumer goods, regulated industries.
> 80%
Software, IP-driven businesses with near-zero marginal cost.

How IndexAlpha uses Gross Margin

Tracked on the Profitability card with sector-relative shading. Margin trend (expanding / stable / compressing) is a leading indicator of business health.

See it live

The Gross Margin metric shows up on every IndexAlpha research page. See it now on MSFT — or research any stock to view its Gross Margin.

Related terms

Common questions

What is Gross Margin?

Revenue minus cost of goods sold (COGS), expressed as a percentage of revenue. How much profit is left after direct production costs.

How is Gross Margin calculated?

Gross Margin = (Revenue - COGS) / Revenue × 100. Software firm: $1B revenue, $100M COGS = 90% gross margin. Walmart: $600B revenue, $450B COGS = 25% gross margin.

How does IndexAlpha use Gross Margin?

Tracked on the Profitability card with sector-relative shading. Margin trend (expanding / stable / compressing) is a leading indicator of business health.

Sources